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V 



REPORTS 

OF THE Committee on Universities 
OF THE Washington Board of Trade 

of October 28, 1914, and April 27, 1915 



RELATING TO 

Proposed Legislation by Congress 

To Secure the Maintenance of Proper Standards for 

Granting Degrees in the District of Columbia 

(Reprinted from the Annual Report of the Washington 
Board of Trade for 1914-1915) 



TOGETHER WITH 

A PROPOSED BILL 

Recommended by the Committee and Approved in Principle 
by the Board of Trade, Entitled 

"A Bill to Establish a University Board 
in the Department of the Interior" 






REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE ON 
UNIVERSITIES* 

Alphexjs H. Snow, Chairman. 
Wm. Knowles Coopeb, Vice-Chairman. 



Edward S. Brasheabs. 
John Doyle Carmody. 
F. E. Cunningham. 
Charles Ray Dean. 
Wm. H. DeLacy. 
Laurence W. DeMotte. 
Frank Fuller. 
James Walter Heustis. 
Charles V. Imlay. 
Joseph Taber Johnson. 



William B. King. 
H. B. F. Macfarland. 
J. Archibald Moriarty. 
Myron M. Parker. 
Arthur T. Ramsay. 
WnxARD S. Richardson. 
Thomas W. Sid well. 
Ernest L. Thurston. 
Tom a. Williams. 



Washington, D. C, October 28, 1914. 
To the President of the Washington Board of Trade: 

The Committee on Universities respectfully reports 
as follows : 

THE ABOLITION OP SHAM COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES IN 
THE DISTRICT 

The general incorporation law, originally enacted 
by Congress for the District in 1870, permits ''any five 
or more persons" to incorporate as a college or uni- 
versity, and as such *'to confer upon such persons as 
may be considered worthy such academical or honorary 
degrees as are usually conferred by similar institu- 
tions," by merely filing a certificate of incorporation 
signed by them in the office of the Eecorder of Deeds 
of the District. No restriction is placed upon this 
privilege, and this absence of restriction has led to the 
incorporation of many sham or ''fake" colleges and 
universities, to the injury of the many excellent institu- 
tions of learning in the District and to the discredit of 

♦See note at end of this report. 



the District throughout the educational world. Your 
committee presents the following facts and suggestions 
on this subject : 

THE UNIVERSITIES AND COLLEGES OF RECOGNIZED STANDING 
IN THE DISTRICT 

There are two ways by which colleges and univer- 
sities may be incorporated in the District — by charter 
granted by Congress to a specific institution by means 
of a special act of Congress, or by the filing of articles 
of incorporation under the chapter of the general in- 
corporation law relating to ' ' institutions of learning. ' ' 

The universities having special charters are: The 
George Washington University, chartered as the Co- 
lumbian College in 1821; the Georgetown University, 
founded in 1789 and chartered as Georgetown College 
in 1844; Howard University, chartered in 1867; the 
American University, chartered in 1893; and the Na- 
tional University, chartered in 1896. To these should 
be added the Protestant Episcopal Cathedral Founda- 
tion, chartered in 1893, which has power to establish 
a university as a part of the Cathedral Foundation. 

Among the existing universities incorporated under 
the ''institutions of learning" chapter of the general 
incorporation law, the most notable are : The Catholic 
University of America, incorporated in 1887; St. 
John's University (Episcopalian, located at Shanghai, 
China), incorporated in 1905; and Boone University 
(Episcopalian, located at Wuchang, China), incorpo- 
rated in 1909. 

Gonzaga College, chartered in 1858, is the only col- 
lege in the District specially chartered by act of Con- 
gress. There are besides several colleges in the Dis- 
trict incorporated under the general incorporation law 
as ''institutions of learning " which are doing excel- 
lent work. The Columbian Institution for the Deaf, 



specially chartered by Congress in 1857, an excellent 
and most useful institution, has power by its charter 
to give collegiate instruction and degrees. 

THE GENERAL INCORPORATION LAW RELATING TO EDUCA- 
TIONAL CORPORATIONS. 

The provisions in the general incorporation law for 
the incorporation of colleges and universities are found 
in the subchapter relating to *' institutions of learn- 
ing" (District Code, Chapter XVIII, Subchapter 1). 
The Court of Appeals of the District, in the case of 
Chicago Business College vs. Payne, 20 D. C. Appeals, 
606, has defined *' institutions of learning," as used in 
this subchapter as meaning those institutions through 
which "instruction in the higher branches of human 
knowledge is generally disseminated" and ** which owe 
their origin to private or public munificence and are es- 
tablished for the public good and not for private gain. ' ' 
Speaking of the general incorporation law (Chapter 
XVIII of the District Code), the court says: 

' ' In the general incorporation act . . . there is a 
classification of the organizations which may be incor- 
porated thereunder comprising twelve different and 
distinct classes. The first in the enumeration is 
* institutions of learning,' so specifically designated, 
and as to them Congress says that the property to be 
acquired by them shall be held ' solely for the purposes 
of education and not for the individual benefit of the 
corporators or any contributor to the endowment 
thereof. ' In the third class are grouped societies to be 
formed for 'benevolent, charitable, educational, liter- 
ary, musical, scientific, religious or missionary pur- 
poses,' and it is implied in one of the sections that 
while organizations of this class may not necessarily 
be for individual profit, yet that they might also be 



joint-stock corporations for private gain and for per- 
sonal advantage. Thus Congress distinctly recognizes 
the difference between 'institutions of learning' and 
ordinary 'educational' establishments, and regards 
the former as being solely of a public character for 
public uses and purposes, while the latter may be 
organized for individual gain. It is true that the stat- 
ute is one enacted for the District of Columbia alone, 
but the jDrovision in it for 'institutions of learning' 
and for 'educational' societies under separate and dis- 
tinct categories is evidently no more than a recognition 
of the distinction between the two classes prevalent 
everywhere throughout the United States." 

Since the decision of the Court of Appeals above 
quoted, the subchapter of the general incorporation 
law relating to joint-stock corporations has been ex- 
tended in its scope by Congress, so that educational 
corporations for profit may now be incorporated as 
ordinary joint-stock or business corporations, and 
some of the recently organized educational institutions 
for profit have been so incorporated. 

THE INTENTION OP CONGRESS EEGARDING COLLEGES AND 
UNIVERSITIES. 

The clear intention of Congress, therefore, is to make 
a wide distinction between "institutions of learning" 
-—that is, for practical purposes between colleges and 
universities — and all other kinds of educational cor- 
porations. Congress, following the ideas which pre- 
vail throughout the United States, regards colleges and 
universities as semi-public institutions and endows 
them with the degree-giving power, which is recognized 
as a semi-public function. All colleges and universities 
hold all their moneys and property on an educational 
trust and may hold gifts of money or property on 
perpetual educational trust. By reason of their semi- 



public character, it is recognized throughout the United 
States that the State governments have the right to 
supervise and control the organization and operation 
of colleges and universities in the public interest, and 
particularly to protect the degree-giving power in any 
suitable manner. The failure of Congress to insert in 
the law proper safeguards to protect the public from 
the organization of sham colleges and universities 
which debase or pervert the degree-giving power must 
be regarded as an oversight. To amend the subchapter 
of the general incorporation law relating to ''institu- 
tions of learning" so as to safeguard the public against 
the incorporation of sham colleges and universities will 
not affect adversely the other kinds of educational 
corporations, since these are regulated by other sub- 
chapters of this law. 

THE ABUSES UNDER THE GENEBAL INCOBPOEATION LAW. 

The abuses which have arisen as respects "institu- 
tions of learning" under the general incorporation law 
are: 

That educational business corporations for profit 
have been incorporated, sometimes with a capital 
stock, calling themselves colleges or universities, and 
claiming in their certificate of incorporation or other- 
wise the right to confer academic and honorary 
degrees : 

That visionary persons, of more or less education 
and standing, have filed elaborate, but unpractical, cer- 
tificates of incorporation, purporting to establish col- 
leges and universities of national or world-wide char- 
acter, with power to give all kinds of usual and unusual 
degrees, none of which institutions has ever existed 
except on paper : 

That persons without education or financial respon- 
sibility have filed articles of incorporation as colleges 



and universities and have conferred honorary degrees 
upon themselves or their associates; or have estab- 
lished concerns where instruction was given by corre- 
spondence or by word of mouth, of such kind as to be 
a travesty on collegiate and university education, and 
have conferred academic degrees therefor; or have 
established concerns for the mere selling of academic 
or honorary degrees without giving any instruction. 

POSSIBLE REMEDIES. 

Two ways have been suggested for remedying these 
abuses. The first is for Congress to establish a super- 
vising board or official for all the colleges and univer- 
sities of the District — the United States Commissioner 
of Education being considered by some as the proper 
official in the District for this purpose — and to give 
this board or official the power to investigate all educa- 
tional institutions desiring to incorporate as colleges 
or universities and to approve or disapprove such in- 
corporation according as the institution conforms or 
not to accepted standards for degree-giving institu- 
tions. The second is, for Congress to amend the gen- 
eral incorporation law so that the intention of Con- 
gress, as declared by the Court of Appeals in the case 
above referred to, will be entirely clear on the face of 
the statute and so as to require a showing of financial 
resources of specific amount to be made to the District 
Commissioners, by persons desiring hereafter to in- 
corporate as a college or university, as a condition 
precedent to the right to file a certificate of incor- 
poration. 

REMEDIES APPLIED IN STATES OF THE UNION. 

Both these methods have been applied with success 
in States of the Union. In New York and Pennsyl- 
vania, there is a supervising board for all colleges and 



universities, and no degree-giving institution can be 
incorporated unless its educational standards meet the 
approval of the board and unless it can show that it 
has at least $500,000 of resources. In New Jersey 
the State Board of Education has recently been made 
a supervising board for colleges and universities with 
power over the giving of degrees. Under a law passed 
in that State in 1911, while President Wilson was Gov- 
ernor of the State, no educational institutions in the 
State, except those incorporated prior to 1886, are per- 
mitted to confer degrees unless their educational 
standards are approved by the State Board of Educa- 
tion, and persons violating the law are made subject to 
a penalty of $500, to be sued for and recovered by the 
State Board of Education. In Nebraska, it is required 
as a condition precedent to the incorporation of a col- 
lege or university that a financial showing of property 
worth at least $100,000 should be made to the State 
Court. In Arkansas, the Legislature in 1911 provided 
for supervision of colleges and universities by the 
State Board of Education and gave the Board control 
over new incorporations. In Michigan, the Legisla- 
ture in 1911 made the Superintendent of Public In- 
struction the supervising official for colleges and 
universities and required persons desiring to incor- 
porate as a college or university to make a showing to 
the Secretary of State of property worth at least $100,- 
000. In Massachusetts it was enacted in 1912 that the 
State Board of Education should report to the Legisla- 
ture on all proposals for incorporating new colleges 
or universities. In Maryland, the Legislature in 1912 
authorized the State Board of Education to make a list 
of approved colleges and universities. So long ago 
as 1897 the National Education Association and the 
American Bar Association unanimously placed them- 



selves on record as favoring State supervision of de- 
gree-giving institutions. 

VIEWS OF COMMITTEE CONCERNING THE REMEDY TO BE 
APPLIED IN THE DISTRICT. 

Your committee would favor a supervising board or 
official for all tlie colleges and universities of the Dis- 
trict, with power over new incorporations, and would 
also favor the requirement of a showing of sufficient 
financial resources by all institutions hereafter desir- 
ing incorporation as colleges or universities. There 
are, however, it is thought, such practical difficulties 
in the way of the establishment of a supervising board 
or official in the District that your committee has 
deemed it best to recommend only, as the best remedy 
now practicable, the system of requiring a showing of 
financial resources as a condition precedent to the in- 
corporation hereafter of colleges or universities under 
the general incorporation law. It is believed that the 
requirement that an institution desiring to incorporate 
as a college or university shall make a showing to the 
District Commissioners that it has even quite meager 
financial resources — say, $20,000 in the case of a 
college and $100,000 in the case of a university — will 
be sufficient to prevent substantially all the existing 
abuses. The publicity attaching to such a method of 
incorporation would, it is believed, be a sufficient 
deterrent to those desiring to establish sham colleges 
and universities, and these amounts are so low that 
they would not prevent any proper institution from 
becoming incorporated. In 1912 the Carnegie Foun- 
dation for the Advancement of Teaching in its annual 
report considered at length the abuses arising from the 
incorporation of ''sham" colleges and universities in 
the District, and recommended as a remedy the require- 
ment of a property showing of the above amounts as a 
condition precedent to new incorporations. 



THE GALLINGEE BILL. 



A bill is now pending in Congress, introduced by 
Senator Gallinger (Senate Bill No. 3431, 63d Congress, 
1st Session), which was approved by the Committee 
on Universities of the Board of Trade last year, and 
which provides for amending the ''institutions of 
learning" subchapter of the general incorporation law 
according to the recommendation of your committee. 

The Gallinger Bill is to the following effect : 

1. It defines "institutions of learning," and requires 
that persons desiring hereafter to incorporate as a 
college or university, or other institution of learning, 
shall incorporate exclusively under the subchapter 
relating to ' ' institutions of learning. ' ' 

2. It requires that persons desiring hereafter to in- 
corporate as an educational corporation for pecuniary 
profit shall incorporate exclusively under the subchap- 
ter relating to joint-stock corporations. 

3. It indirectly requires that persons desiring here- 
after to incorporate as an educational corporation not 
for pecuniary profit but for special educational pur- 
poses as incidental to benevolent, missionary, social or 
religious work, shall incorporate exclusively under the 
subchapter relating to benevolent, missionary, educa- 
tional, social and religious corporations. 

4. It requires persons desiring hereafter to incor- 
porate as a college or university under the subchapter 
relating to "institutions of learning" to make to the 
Commissioners of the District a showing of financial 
resources of the proposed corporation— $20,000 in the 
case of a college and $100,000 in the case of a univer- 
sity,_as a condition precedent to the filing of the cer- 
tificate of incorporation of the Recorder's office; a cer- 
tificate signed by all the Commissioners, stating that 
this condition has been complied with, being re- 



10 

quired to be attached to and filed with the certificate of 
incorporation. 

5. It specially provides that nothing in the above 
provision shall affect any existing corporation. 

6. It has a final provision prohibiting all corpora- 
tions from giving degrees except those specially char- 
tered with this power and those incorporated as col- 
leges or universities under the subchapter relating to 
'* institutions of learning," and also provides that all 
colleges and universities of the District now or here- 
after incorporated shall maintain such standards for 
conferring academic and honorary degrees as are 
usually insisted upon and applied by colleges and uni- 
versities of recognized standing in the United States. 

RECOMMENDATION OF THE GALLINGEK BILL. 

Your committee recommends that the Board of 
Trade approve the provisions of the Gallinger Bill as 
above set forth, and take all proper measures to pro- 
cure the amendment of the law on the principles stated 
in that bill. 



*The foregoing report was presented at the meeting of the Board 
of Trade on December 1, 1914, and was opposed and not adopted. 
The following resolution, offered as a substitute, was then adopted: 

"Resolved, That no institution desiring to give degrees as a 
college or university be permitted to file articles of incorpora- 
tion until it has received the indorsement of the United States Com- 
missioner of Education." 

At the meeting of the Board of Trade on April 27, 1915, the com- 
mittee submitted the following special report, which was adopted: 



SPECIAL REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE ON 
UNIVERSITIES 

Alphetjs H. Snow, Chairman. 

Wm. Knowles Coopeb, Vice-Chairman. 

Charles V. Imlay, Secretary. 

Edward S. Brashears. Geo. A. King. 

H. K. Bush-Brown. William B. King. 

John Doyle Carmody. James Dudley Morgan. 

F. E. Cunningham. Myron M. Parker. 

Charles Ray Dean. Arthur G. Plant. 

D. A. Edwards. Arthur T. Ramsay. 

Frank Fuller. Willard S. Richardson. 

Spencer Gordon. Ernest L. Thurston. 

James Walter Heustis. Matthew Trimble 

Joseph Taber Johnson. Tom A. Williams. 
W. J. Kehoe. 



Washington, D. C, April 27, 1915. 
To the President of the Washington Board of Trade: 
The Committee on Universities respectfully reports 

as follows : 

At the meeting of the Board held on December 1, 
1914, your committee presented its annual report, call- 
ing attention to the defects in the general incorpora- 
tion law enacted by Congress for the District. This 
law permits any five persons, citizens of the United 
States, to incorporate as a college or university and 
give academic or honorary degrees, without any re- 
striction. In that report the committee, while approv- 
ing the supervision of all the colleges and universities 
in the District by a supervising official or board as 
a proper method of reaching the abuses caused by the 
defects of the law, reconmaended another plan which 
they thought proper as an immediate measure of prac- 
tical relief from the most pressing abuses. The plan 

11 



12 

recommended was for Congress to pass an act pro- 
viding a property qualification for new degree-grant- 
ing institutions proposed to be incorporated under the 
general law — $20,000 in the case of a college and $100,- 
000 in the case of a university ; this property qualifica- 
tion is to be determined by the District Commissioners 
and their approval to be obtained before articles of 
incorporation could be filed. 

Upon the reading of the committee's report, Dr. T. 
A. Williams, a member of the committee, proposed as 
a substitute the following resolution : 

''Resolved, That no institution desiring to give 
degrees, as a college or university, be permitted to file 
articles of incorporation until it has received the 
indorsement of the United States Commissioner of 
Education." 

The Board voted in favor of the substitute resolu- 
tion, and the report of the committee was therefore 
not adopted. 

It thereupon became incumbent upon the committee 
to carry out the principle of supervision by the United 
States Commissioner of Education, to which the Board 
of Trade had committed itself by this resolution. 

Upon consideration by the committee, it seemed 
impracticable and unjust to provide a supervision 
exclusively for new institutions desiring to incorporate 
as a college or university, and that it was necessary 
to treat all alike as respects supervision, placing all 
existing degree-granting institutions upon the same 
basis as proposed institutions. 

The committee also concluded that a board headed 
by the Commissioner of Education would be preferable 
to vesting this power in that official alone. 

The committee considered whether the board should 
be a local board of and for the District, or a national 
board with special powers in the District. The Board 



13 

of Trade having designated the Commissioner of Edu- 
cation as the supervising official for new incorpora- 
tions, it seemed to follow that the sentiment of the 
Board of Trade would be in favor of a national super- 
vising board with special powers in the District, rather 
than a local supervising board. The committee, upon 
consideration, concluded that such a board should be 
national, with special powers in the District. 

The progress of the national university idea and the 
impracticability of there being two university boards 
in the District led the committee to consider the possi- 
bility of combining the two functions in one board. The 
hearings in February and March, 1914, before the Com- 
mittee on Education of the House of Representatives, 
on the National University Bill introduced by the Na- 
tional Association of State Universities, made it evi- 
dent that there was a considerable body of opinion in 
the United States favoring the establishment of a na- 
tional board of university character for utilizing the 
resources of the Government for educational research 
and possibly also for carrying on postgraduate instruc- 
tion. Such a national university board, if established, 
would inevitably come into relationship with any 
supervising board for the colleges and universities of 
the District. The committee concluded that it was best 
to combine the two functions in one board. 

After several meetings, the committee has agreed 
upon a draft of a bill to be introduced in Congress, if 
the Board of Trade approves. The principal features 
of this bill are as follows : 

A board, called in the draft of proposed bill *^the 
University Board," is proposed to be established in 
the Department of the Interior. This University 
Board is to consist of the Commissioner of Education 
and ten other persons, citizens of the United States, 
partly educators and partly men representative of the 



14 

general interests in arts, sciences and industries, to be 
appointed by the President, by and with the consent of 
the Senate. The ten non-official members are to serve 
for long terms — ten years is proposed — at a per diem 
compensation. 

This proposed University Board is to have jurisdic- 
tion to devise measures for utilizing the resources of 
the government for educational research and to or- 
ganize and carry on any postgraduate teaching for 
which Congress may appropriate or accept funds. 
Besides these national powers this proposed Univer- 
sity Board is to have the following powers in the 
District : 

To establish for all degree-granting institutions in 
the District any classifications, definitions, require- 
ments and standards which it may deem necessary and 
proper and which are consistent with the ordinary 
practice in the United States ; to act as relator in quo 
warranto proceedings to forfeit the charters of any 
degree-granting institutions which may have sub- 
jected themselves to such forfeiture by non-user or 
misuser of their franchises ; to approve or disapprove 
any proposed incorporation of a degree-granting in- 
stitution and any proposed consolidation or merger of 
existing degree-granting institutions, according as the 
board may deem desirable in the public interest; to 
enjoin the operations of any foreign degree-granting 
corporation which may improperly grant degrees in 
the District; and generally to do all acts, not incon- 
sistent with law, to protect and preserve the degree- 
granting power as exercised by institutions in the 
District. 

This proposed University Board is to report each 
year to the Secretary of the Interior, including in its 
report recommendations for carrying into effect the 
purposes of the act. This provision will, it is hoped, 



15 

furnish Congress with the information necessary to 
enable it gradually and judiciously to develop the juris- 
diction of the board if it should deem it proper so 
to do. 

The powers designated are, it is believed, sufficient 
to enable the proposed University Board to remedy all 
existing abuses in the District. The dignified and con- 
servative character of the board, under the chairman- 
ship of the Commissioner of Education, and the limits 
placed on its powers, will, it is believed, insure that its 
action will be beneficial to all the existing colleges and 
universities in the District which are properly exer- 
cising the degree-granting power. 

The Commissioner of Education has carefully gone 
over with a subcommittee of this committee the draft 
of proposed bill of which the general features are 
above given, and authorizes the committee to state that 
he considers the plan proposed by it the best that has 
yet been devised. 

The committee therefore recommends that the Board 
of Trade approve the principles of the draft of bill 
as above set forth, and authorize the Executive Com- 
mittee to take such measures as may be proper to 
procure the passage of legislation on the general plan 
above outlined. 



16 

(Proposed bill recommended by the Committee on Universities in 
the foregoing Special Report, and approved in principle by the 
Washington Board of Trade at its meeting on April 27, 1915.) 

A BILL 

To Establish a University Board in the 
Department of the Interior 

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled, That there is here- 
by established, in the Department of the Interior, a board, to be 
known as the University Board. Said board shall consist of the 
Commissioner of Education, together with ten other persons, citi- 
zens of the United States, representative of the higher educational 
interests of the United States and of the general interests in arts, 
sciences and industries, who shall be appointed by the President, by 
and with the consent of the Senate. Of the first board two mem- 
bers shall hold office for two years, two for four years, two for 
six years, two for eight years, and two for ten years; the Presi- 
dent to designate the terms. The members appointed upon the 
expiration of said terms shall hold office for the term of ten years. 
Vacancies shall be filled by appointment for the unexpired term. 
The Commissioner of Education shall be chairman ex officio, and 
the board may elect one of its members as vice-chairman. The 
board shall appoint a secretary and may employ necessary cleri- 
cal and other assistants and employes. It shall have an official 
seal. Each member, other than the Commissioner of Education, 
shall receive a compensation of ten dollars per day during the 
sessions of the board, and necessary traveling expenses. The 
secretary shall receive a salary of $3,000 per year. 

Sec. 2. The board shall have power: 

(a) To inquire into the scientific operations of the government, 
and recommend to the President, from time to time, measures for 
utilizing for educational and research purposes such scientific op- 
erations and the governmental facilities connected therewith; 

(b) To advise and direct adult research students, having such 
qualifications as may seem proper to the board, in the use of such 
governmental operations and facilities, under the limitations pro- 
vided by law or by executive regulation; and 

(c) To organize and carry on any postgraduate teaching and 
research work for which Congress may hereafter appropriate or ac- 
cept funds. 



17 

Sec. 3. The board shall also have power: 

(a) To establish any classifications, definitions, requirements 
and standards which it may deem necessary and proper, for all in- 
corporated educational institutions in the District of Columbia, 
wherever incorporated, which have or claim to have any degree- 
granting power; provided, that such classifications, definitions, re- 
quirements, and standards shall be consistent with those generally 
recognized in the United States as necessary and proper; 

(b) To act as relator in quo icarranto proceedings to forfeit the 
franchises of any such institution incorporated by or under act 
of Congress, for misuser or nonuser of the same; 

(c) To approve or disapprove, as the board shall deem proper, 
any certificate of incorporation proposed to be filed in the office of 
the recorder of deeds of said District by any persons desiring to 
incorporate under the general incorporation law enacted by Con- 
gress for said District as a corporation having any degree-grant- 
ing power, and no such certificate of incorporation shall be so filed 
unless accompanied by the certificate of approval of the board 
under its seal, to be filed for record therewith; 

(d) To approve or disapprove, as the board shall deem proper, 
any proposed consolidation or merger of corporations incorporated 
by or under act of Congress and located in said District, having or 
claiming to have any degree-granting power; 

(e) To act as complainant in behalf of the United States in 
proceedings to enjoin the operations within said District of any 
foreign corporation having or claiming to have any degree-granting 
power, and improperly granting degrees; and 

(f) Generally to do all acts, not inconsistent with law, which the 
board may deem necessary for maintaining proper standards in the 
granting of degrees by colleges or universities in said District. 

Sec. 4. The board shall report each year to the Secretary of the 
Interior, making such recommendations as it may deem proper for 
carrying into effect the purposes of this act. 



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